Many Parts. One Body

When we speak and look like a unified institution, everything we do in the name of The Catholic University of America broadens and deepens our impact and confirms our strong identity to all our audiences. To that end, The Catholic University of America Style Guide is designed to help everyone be effective, cogent ambassadors of the University’s image, reputation, and mission.

This guide is based on three recognized style guides: primarily The Associated Press Stylebook; secondarily, the CNS (Catholic News Service) Stylebook on Religion and The Chicago Manual of Style. In addition, the University’s primary reference book regarding spelling is Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary. This guide is intended for offices in the University only; it is not an academic style guide for students writing papers, theses, or dissertations. The guide is updated periodically for its own purposes and on behalf of other University entities.

The Division of University Communications adheres to this style guide for all the printed and online publications it produces, including magazines, reports, newsletters, brochures, fliers, ads, web stories, and press releases, and all the communications it disseminates. We urge all schools, departments, and offices to follow it as well so that together we can maintain the integrity of our University’s visual and editorial brand.

For questions not answered here, please consult AP, Chicago, or CNS, or call the Division of University Communications at 202-319-5600.

Style Guidelines

Abbreviations and Acronyms

• Spell out the abbreviation or acronym on the first use and immediately follow with the abbreviation in parentheses to prepare readers for your subsequent use of the abbreviation. If the acronym doesn’t appear in subsequent text, do not use it at all. Acronyms are only to be used for multiple references. Note: It is acceptable to use initials, not the full name of that which is being abbreviated, on first reference when they are widely recognized (periods are not generally used). Examples: FBI, NCAA, SAT, GPA, CEO, AIDS, NASA

 Abbreviations: Decades, Time 

• Use A.D., B.C., a.m., p.m.

 Academic Degrees 

• Avoid abbreviations in text, but if space is an issue, use B.A., M.A., M.S., etc. Capitalize full names of specific degrees when used in formal settings (e.g., diplomas, directories, etc.): Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Arts, Doctor of Philosophy
  
  
• When referring to academic degrees in general or in an informal way, lowercase the first letter of the degree and use an apostrophe: bachelor’s and master’s degrees, bachelor’s degree in nursing, master’s in nursing
  
  
• When academic degrees follow a person’s name in the middle of a sentence, the degree is set off by commas: Mary Williams, Ph.D., was the featured speaker.
  
  
• Do not use the courtesy title “Dr.” unless the person referred to holds a medical degree and then only if a medical degree is integral to the text. An exception to this rule is reserved for direct quotes, e.g.:
  According to Dean Richards, “Dr. Williams is a prolific author and gifted teacher.” 
• Do not capitalize or use possessive pronouns when referring to degrees:
  • He/she received a bachelor of arts in music (not “his/her bachelor of arts in music”).
  • They were awarded honorary doctorates (not “their doctorates”)
• Abbreviations for degrees use periods.
  B.A., B.S., M.A., M.S., J.C.L., J.D., Ph.D., S.T.D., S.T.L., J.C.D.
• Academic degrees should be spelled in lowercase on first reference, except when part of a person’s name: 
  • bachelor’s degree, bachelor of arts in history (note: not “bachelor of arts in history degree”)
  • master’s degree, master of divinity (note: not “master of divinity degree”)
  • Julius Caesar, M.A. 1989, Ph.D. 1997

Academic Departments

• Capitalize the first letter in proper names of departments. On first reference, the official name (“Department of History”) should be used.
  Department of History, Department of English 

Academic Titles 

• Not all faculty have earned the official title of professor. In most cases, a faculty member’s full title(s) should be used on first reference. On second reference, the faculty member’s last name alone is preferred.
  • First Reference: Ordinary Professor of Art History Jane Smith
  • Second Reference: Smith or Professor Smith
• Capitalize and spell out formal titles such as professor, dean, or chairman when they precede a name. Instructors and other part-time faculty are not to be referred to as “professors” on second reference. Do not use the term “adjunct.” Use part-time or lecturer.
  • Examples: Monsignor John Wippel, provost emeritus of the University and professor emeritus of the School of Philosophy, was a renowned scholar of Thomistic thought.
  • Biology Professor Venigalla Rao recently published groundbreaking research on gene therapy utilizing bacteriophage T4.
  • Taryn Okuma is associate professor of practice in English and director of the Cornerstone Program
• Titles of endowed professors/chairs are always capitalized, whether they appear before or after a name.
  Example: Monsignor John Wippel was appointed to the endowed Theodore Basselin Professorship in Philosophy in 2001
• Lowercase elsewhere.
  Albert Smith, dean

Address, Catholic University

• The official mailing address for all schools, departments, and offices is 620 Michigan Ave., N.E., Washington, DC 20064. No building or room numbers.
  EXCEPTION: If an office regularly receives visitors, list room numbers in printed matter, on websites, etc., to guide them to the proper building and room.
• Don’t add periods to DC (this is USPS style) 
  • You don’t use periods on an address that provides a zip code. If you just use Washington, D.C., without zip code, there will be periods.

Addresses, Washington, D.C.

• Street addresses in Washington are typed with periods and set off by commas: N.E., N.W., S.W., S.E.
  134 K St., N.W., Washington, DC 20017 

Alumni

• Identify former students by the Catholic University degrees and class years as follows.
  Frank Pierce, B.A. 1960; Jane Adams, B.A. 2005, came to Cardinal Weekend.
  
  If the degree is part of text that appears in columns and thus requires concision, it is acceptable to type B.A. ’68. However, dropping the century requires that the typist use an apostrophe, ’, — not an opening single quote, ‘, or a straight footmark, to denote that the two digits are missing. 

Alumnus, Alumni, Alumna, Alumnae, Alum

• “Alumnus” (“alumni” in plural) is a man who graduated from Catholic University. “Alumna” (“alumnae” in plural) refers to a female graduate. “Alumni” can refer to a mixed group of men and women graduates. “Alum” should be used sparingly, and usually only in informal writing.
• Use the more formal and accurate forms of alumni when writing more formal communications – the exception is for social media, when the more informal “alum” may be used.

Ampersand

• Do not use the ampersand (&) as a replacement for “and.” Use the ampersand only when it is part of an official name of a company, product, or other proper noun, or as part of a headline for space reasons. (Morgan Stanley & Co.)
  • Exception is for company names. Morgan Stanley & Co. should be dropped down to separate bullet point in entry as an example

Archbishop, Bishop

• Use “Most Rev.” in more formal listings (like event/commencement programs) where space may be limited to list religious titles.
• Otherwise, in the body of stories and articles, use “archbishop and bishop.” 

Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception

• Use the full name for first reference; second reference, the Basilica.
  
  
• Note: The Basilica is adjacent to the campus; it is not a part of the campus and should never be referred to that way.

Board of Trustees

• Capitalize the Board of Trustees when referring to this Catholic University body. Also capitalize trustee before a name, lowercase after a name.
  Trustee John Carroll
  John Carroll, trustee

Buildings and Named Rooms

• General rule: Capitalize name of building and room or wing.
• Conway School of Nursing, Great Room (Pryzbyla Center), Garvey Hall, the Nest, Caldwell Hall Seton Wing, West Campus Solar Project, commonly used rooms, Pryzbyla Great Room A, B, C; Caldwell Auditorium, Caldwell Hall; Herzfeld Auditorium, Hannan Hall; Keane Auditorium, McGivney Hall
• Outdoor spaces: University Mall, Pryzbyla Patio/Lawn
• Give the full name of building or named room on first reference; on second and subsequent references use less formal name, as follows:
  
  

  Full Formal Name	Informal Reference
  Edward M. Crough Center for Architectural Studies	Crough Center
  John K. Mullen of Denver Memorial Library*	Mullen Library*
  Raymond A. DuFour Athletic Center	DuFour Center, the athletic center
  Eugene I. Kane Student Health and Fitness Center	Kane Center
  Edward J. Pryzbyla University Center	Pryzbyla Center
  Monsignor Stephen P. Happel Room	Happel Room
  Vincent P. Walter Jr. Boardroom	Vincent Walter Room

 *When referring to the library system rather than the Mullen Library, use University Libraries.

Capitalization

• Avoid unnecessary capitals. Capitalize formal titles when used before a name.
  Dean Peter Smythe
  
  
• Lowercase titles after a name or when used alone:
  Walter Mitty, professor
  The professor was a genius.
  
  EXCEPTION: For the University President
  President Peter Kilpatrick
  Peter Kilpatrick, President
  John Garvey, is the former President of Catholic University.
  
  
• Course names are capitalized. Majors, subjects, and disciplines are lower case unless they are proper nouns.
  Rhonda decided to major in French as well as philosophy.
  In the spring semester, Felix, a physics major, took Form and Value in Poetry.

Cardinal (religious title)

• On first reference place “Cardinal” before a given name, not after. Use “His Eminence” only under the most formal circumstances to refer to a Catholic cardinal. Capitalize only when it is part of a formal name such as College of Cardinals.
  Cardinal Timothy M. Dolan
  The cardinals met in Rome to choose a new pope.
  The meeting of the College of Cardinals is called a “consistory.”
• Middle initials should only be used upon request and person’s preference. 
• Religious title suffixes like O.P. (Dominican) or OFM (Franciscan) should be avoided as much as possible. Instead, write “Dominican Father Aquinas Guilbeau became the vice president of mission and ministry of Catholic University in 2023.”

Cardinal Card 

Cardinal Cards as opposed to Cardinal cards.

 The Catholic University of America 

• This is the official name of the University and should be used on the first reference. Note the capital “T” in The. 

• On the second reference, the preferred usage is Catholic University.

• NEVER write “CUA” or “Catholic” when The Catholic University of America is meant.
• "The Catholic University” is not acceptable usage. 
  
  
• If referring specifically to Catholic University in writing, uppercase “University.” If making a general statement about a university (not ours), lowercase university.
  The University was founded in 1887.
  The university experience is one that many young people benefit from.

The Catholic University of America campus

• Three of the green spaces on campus have specific names, as follows:
  Area in front of McMahon Hall, bordered by the Basilica and Shahan and McGivney halls: University Mall
  Area between the Pryzbyla Center and the law school: University Lawn
  Grassy area west of Pryzbyla Center facing McMahon Hall: Pryzbyla Lawn 

Chair

• Preferred usage for head of a department.
  Ted Williams is the chair of the Department of Anthropology.
  Marie Conant chairs the Department of Physics.
• Lowercase chair when used as a phrase that describes the professor. 
• See also “Named Chairs” below.

Chapels 

• Catholic University has a total of six chapels on campus, two of which are inside residence halls. Following are the formal (first reference) and informal (second reference) chapel names.

Church

• Capitalize when referring to the Catholic Church.
  Courses on Church history can be found in both the School of Theology and Religious Studies and the Department of History.
  The church on Millersville Road was built in 1998.

Commencement/ Commencement Exercises

• Always capitalize Commencement 

Class of

• Capitalize
  The plaque was a gift of the Class of 2010.

Course Names 

Use initial caps. 

Coursework 

One word. 

CUA 

In order to best build on the University's name recognition and brand strength, the acronym “CUA” is no longer an approved use for any print or electronic materials that are targeted to external audiences. "The Catholic University of America" or "Catholic University" should be used in all print and electronic references; "CatholicU" is appropriate for usage in social media (#CatholicU). “CUA” should not be used as the “handle” for any official Catholic University social media accounts. 

Dates 

May 1, June 2, Jan. 3 . . . not May 1st, June 2nd, Jan. 3rd . . . etc. When a month, date, and year are given, a comma must be used before the year as well as after it. See Months.
The team was working toward a Jan. 24, 2019, deadline.

Days of the Week

• Capitalize and do not abbreviate.

Departments and Offices 

• Use the full name of the department or office on first reference.
  Department of Biomedical Engineering, Office of the Dean, Office of Housing Services, Department of Public Safety, Office of Residence Life, Center for Academic and Career Success, Department of Athletics.
  
  
• On second reference, use lower case:
  • Examples: biomedical engineering department, chemistry department, dean’s office
• These are the exceptions to the second reference, when referring to particular offices throughout the University: Housing Services, Residence Life, Campus Ministry, Public Safety, Career Services, Athletics
  

Disability Disclaimer 

• Use one of the following two disability accommodations disclaimers on any materials (e.g., fliers, posters, ads, postcards, invitations) inviting the public to Catholic University-sponsored, on-campus events such as conferences, open houses, lectures, performances, etc. University-sponsored off-campus events at venues over which Catholic University has no facilities control do not require the disclaimer.
  To request accommodations for individuals with disabilities, call 000-000-0000.
  To request accommodations for individuals with disabilities, contact us at the number above. (or below . . . )

EEO Statement

Any recruiting or admissions-related materials must carry the following short statement.
The Catholic University of America admits students of any race, color, national or ethnic origin, sex, age, religion, or disability.

Emeritus/Emerita

• Emeritus is the singular, masculine form. For references to women, use emerita (singular) or emeritae (plural). Emeriti may serve as the plural for a group that is composed of men only or both men and women. Emeritus/emerita is lowercase unless it is used before a name as a formal title.
  Professors emeriti, faculty emeriti
  Madelyn McCarthy, professor emerita of art, has a retrospective show at the National Gallery.
  Professor Emeritus Moses Jade

Endowed Chairs

See Named Chairs.

Faculty

• Catholic University style considers “faculty” a plural noun.
  The architecture and planning faculty take studio critiques to a professional level.

Faculty Handbook

• Use italics when referring to this document.

First-Year Experience

• Note hyphen. FYE is acceptable on second reference.

First-Year Student(s)

• Use "first-year student" to refer to an individual or "first-year students" as a plural reference. Do not use "freshman" or "freshmen." 
  First-year students and sophomores are required to leave their cars at home.
  Citing their identification as a distinct culture, the first-year class set up a booth during Multicultural Day.

Founders Day

• Signifies the date of Catholic University’s establishment on April 10, 1887. Never refer to it as Founder’s Day or Founders’ Day. 

Fundraising

• Note the absence of a hyphen.
  He was a fundraising genius.
  Fundraising is an art.

Great Room 

• The Great Room in the Edward J. Pryzbyla University Center is a single room with three subdivisions, not multiple rooms. It is always singular.
  The event will be held in the Great Room.
  The event will be held in Great Room A and B.

Honors Program

• Capitalize its official name, which is University Honors Program.
  We are all justifiably proud of the University Honors Program.
• “Honors Program” on the second reference.

Initials

• The preferred Catholic University style is to spell out first names; however if initials must be used, do not put a space between them.
  A.R. Gurney wandered onto campus in 2001 and never left.

Invitations, Formal

• Spell out titles, months, etc., in formal invitations. Use RSVP should a response be requested.

John Paul II

• Use St. John Paul II on first reference

Jr., III, etc.

• No commas between name and Jr., Sr., etc.
  Bob Smith Jr. (B.A. 1989), father of freshman Bob Smith III and son of Bob Smith Sr. (B.A. 1967), is sponsoring four students on a trip to Malawi.

Locations

• Capitalize the first letter of rooms and other specific campus locations.
  The lecture will be held in Caldwell Hall, Room 113.
  Cardinals vs. Greyhounds, Raymond A. DuFour Athletic Center, Soccer Field
  Pick up tickets in the Edward J. Pryzbyla University Center, Lobby.
  The knitting club meets as follows: Noon, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, Pryzbyla Center, Atrium

Months 

• In narrative, abbreviate seven months of the year as follows when they are part of a specific date. Spell out in formal invitations, programs, etc. Always spell out months when followed by only a year.
  This year the University will close on Dec. 20 for the Christmas holiday.
  In December 2014 the University will be closed for 10 days.

Murphy’s Grill 

The restaurant and lounge in the Pryzbyla Center gets an apostrophe. Use the full name on first mention.

Names: Usage of First and Last Names

On first reference, use both the first and last name of the person who is the topic of the sentence. Do not use only the last name. If the person has a doctorate, use the appropriate designation in the first reference (i.e., “Dr.” for those who hold an M.D.; “professor” for all other doctorate holders.). In subsequent references, use just the last name. Do not include the first name or a term of address (e.g., Mr., Dr., Professor, etc.).

• Susan Jones has a lifelong interest in botany. As a child, Jones began learning how to classify plants.
• Professor James Smith is dean of the School of Engineering. Smith has been on the faculty since 2012.

Members of the clergy and religious are an exception to the rule above. On the first reference, use the religious title and first and last name; on the second reference, use the religious title and last name—or the title and first name, if the person prefers to be known by his/her first name. Do not use just the last name.

• Father Peter McKenna is pastor of All Saints Parish. Father McKenna previously served as pastor at Holy Trinity Parish.

Named Chairs 

• Chair is lowercase after a name. Endowed chairs are always capitalized:
  Engineering Professor Santiago Solares, Albert the Great Endowed Chair in Engineering

Numerals 

• Spell out whole numbers one through nine. Use figures for 10 and above. Use figures for dimensions, percentages, ages, distance, time, and computer storage capacities.
  We have nine professors and 42 buildings.
  She teaches ninth grade.
  My computer has 6 gigabytes.
  That was the 90s; this is the 21st century!
  We walked three miles, then ran 20 more.
  The new piano is 9 feet long.
  Approximately 23% of Americans are Catholic.
  
• When expressing the order or sequence of individuals (such as kings, queens, or popes) or historical events (such as wars), Roman numerals should be employed.
  • World War I
  • St. John Paul II

Orientation

• Always capitalize when referring to Orientation for new students.
  This year’s Orientation featured five new activities.

Percent

• Percentages are expressed in numerals. Use the symbol %. Spell out only when the percentage begins a sentence.
  The Great Upper Church was more than 90% full for the University Mass.
  Of patients wearing the robotic exoskeleton 70% could move within the range of normal by the end of the treatment versus 45% in the control group.
  Ninety percent of recent graduates went on to full-time employment. 

Photo Captions

• Keep captions as simple as possible, writing them so that names can be simply listed left to right. For two rows, use “Standing” and “Seated” or “Top” and “Bottom” and list the names left to right.
  Standing, from left: Joseph Alberto, Ed Franklin, Philip Grecko. Seated: Monica Peters, Philomena Sustini, Marilyn Weber, Paula Deptula.
  Top, from left: Joseph Alberto, Ed Franklin, Philip Grecko. Bottom: Monica Peters, Philomena Sustini, Marilyn Weber, Paula Deptula.
  University President Peter Kilpatrick and Catholic legal scholar Helen M. Alvaré, M.A. 1989, led a discussion on the state of religious freedom at a Feb. 6 event in Heritage Hall. (Catholic University/Patrick G. Ryan)
• Credit the photographer when possible
  • University staff photographer: 
    • (Catholic University/Patrick G. Ryan)
  • Non-staff photographer
    • (Courtesy: Jimmy Olsen)  

Pope

• Pope should only be capitalized when referring to official title*
  Pope Francis met with Catholic University alumni visiting Rome. The Pope was especially welcoming to older alumni.

Possessive nouns

• Do not add an "s" after the apostrophe for nouns ending in "s."
  Mary McCarthy Hines' office is in Father O'Connell Hall. 
  Pope Francis’ Laudate Deum was released in October.
  The students’ essays improved dramatically over the course of the semester.

Postdoctoral 

• Mary is a postdoctoral student in the philosophy department.

Professional Affiliations and Certifications

• RN, LCSW, FAAN, AIA; no periods 

Q&A

Caps, no spaces.

Rathskellar (the “Rat”) 

Note the second a.

Religious in Residence 

Lowercase. No hyphens.

Religious Titles

• Spell out cardinal, bishop, sister, brother, father, monsignor, etc. Avoid abbreviations unless necessary for space. Capitalize titles only when they appear before a name. 
• Titles for clerics and religious should appear before their name on first and subsequent references. This applies to Catholics and those from other denominations, churches, and religions. Their religious affiliation (Anglican, Coptic Orthodox, etc.) should be prominently indicated in text. 
• Religious affiliations, when noted, should precede or follow the first reference of the name. The former is preferred for general audiences as many, if not most, are unfamiliar with religious initials. Ex.: Assistant Professor of Historical and Systematic Theology Father Vincent Strand, S.J.; (preferred) Jesuit Father Vincent Strand, assistant professor of historical and systematic theology
• For those with multiple responsibilities, a person’s formal religious title (Bishop, Sister, Father, etc.) are prioritized over other positions. Titles such as chancellor, president, papal nuncio, professor, rector, should be treated as job descriptions. 
• Examples:
  • Cardinal Christophe Pierre, apostolic nuncio to the United States
  • Father Aquinas Guilbeau, O.P., university chaplain and vice president of ministry and mission

Residence Halls

• Most campus buildings that house students should be referred to as halls. Buildings in Centennial Village are called houses. Never refer to any student residences as dorms.
  The newest residence hall on campus is Opus Hall.
  The residents of Magner House won the “Most Engaged House” award in 2014.

RSVP

• Preferred abbreviation for Respondez s’il vous plait. Note caps and absence of periods.

Schools

• There are two ways to list schools of the University, in alphabetical order or in the order of their founding. Order of founding is appropriate for Commencement and at ceremonies such as a dedication, inauguration, or academic convocation.

Order of Founding

• School of Theology and Religious Studies (1889)
• School of Philosophy (1895)
• Columbus School of Law (1897)
• School of Arts and Sciences (1906)
• School of Canon Law (1923)
• School of Engineering (1930)
• National Catholic School of Social Service (1934)
• Conway School of Nursing (1935)
• Benjamin T. Rome School of Music, Drama, and Art (1965)
• Metropolitan School of Professional Studies (1980)
• School of Architecture and Planning (1992)
• Tim and Steph Busch School of Business (2013)

Alphabetical

• School of Architecture and Planning; architecture and planning school
• School of Arts and Sciences; arts and sciences school
• Tim and Steph Busch School of Business; Busch School of Business; business school
  In second reference, it is acceptable to use "the Busch School."
• School of Canon Law; canon law school
• School of Engineering; engineering school
• Columbus School of Law; law school
• Benjamin T. Rome School of Music, Drama, and Art; Rome School of Music, Drama, and Art
  In second reference, it is acceptable to use "the Rome School."
• Conway School of Nursing; nursing school
• School of Philosophy; philosophy school
• Metropolitan School of Professional Studies; professional studies school; MSPS
• National Catholic School of Social Service; social service school; NCSSS
• School of Theology and Religious Studies; theology and religious studies school; STRS

Second References

• School of Architecture and Planning. In second reference, you may use “the architecture and planning school.”
• School of Arts and Sciences. In second reference, you may use “the arts and sciences school.”
• Tim and Steph Busch School of Business. In second reference, you may use "the Busch School" or “the business school.”
• School of Canon Law. Second reference: “the canon law school.”
• School of Engineering. In second reference, you may use “the engineering school.”
• Columbus School of Law. In second reference, you may use “the law school.”
• Benjamin T. Rome School of Music, Drama, and Art; Rome School of Music, Drama, and Art. In second reference, you may use "the Rome School."
• Conway School of Nursing. In second reference, you may use “the nursing school.”
• School of Philosophy In second reference, you may use “the philosophy school.”
• Metropolitan School of Professional Studies. In second reference, you may use either “the professional studies school” or the acronym, MPSP.
• National Catholic School of Social Service In second reference, you may use either “the social service school” or the acronym, NCSSS.
• School of Theology and Religious Studies. In second reference, you may use either “the theology and religious studies school” or the acronym, STRS.

Seasons

• Lowercase spring, fall, summer, and winter except when used in a formal name such as Winterfest. When a season defines a semester, it is not a formal name.
  We decorated our room with autumn colors in the fall. In the spring, we changed the color scheme.

Second Reference

• Identify people (except members of the clergy and religious) by last name only on second reference, with the exception of members of the clergy and religious.
• On first reference the preferred title for ordained priests is Reverend; Rev. is also acceptable. On second reference, use Father. Brothers are referred to as Brother and women religious as Sister; do not abbreviate either.
• When noting religious affiliation, either precede the title and name with spelled-out religious affiliation or follow the name with the abbreviation, including periods.
  Rev. Rafael Brown, O.F.M. Conv., leads Catholic University’s Office of Campus Ministry.
  The outreach coordinator is Religious Sisters of Mercy Sister Mary Joseph Roundtree.

Senators Club

• No apostrophe.

States, Cities

• Use Associated Press abbreviations/spellings shown below when mentioning cities and states without a postal code. Use the postal abbreviation with ZIP codes. Spell out state names when they appear alone. Note: No periods with ZIP code.
  Chicago, Ill./Chicago, IL 00000
  Washington, D.C./Washington, DC 20064
  
  
• When using city and state in text, set off with commas:
  Our train dropped us off in New Haven, Conn., then went on to Vermont.

Taglines

• The President of The Catholic University of America determines the University's tagline. At this time, the University name serves as the tagline. Schools, programs, centers, and departments are not permitted to have their own taglines because they would dilute the University's identity.

Telephone Numbers

• Use dashes, not parentheses, to set off area codes such as 202-319-5600. Use dashes and not periods between units: 410-330-7792. “800” numbers appear without a 1.
  The main number is 445-980-6599.
  To buy the Ginza knife at this special price, call 800-123-4567.

Theatre/Theater

• Use spelling preferred by the discipline; at Catholic University, the Department of Drama uses “theatre.” Otherwise use “theater” in general references; but Hartke Theatre
  and Callan Theatre. Also the music school has the Musical Theatre Program.

Times

• In normal text, lowercase a.m. and p.m. and use periods. Use noon and midnight, not 12 p.m. or 12 a.m. Times on the hour are listed without colons and zeros, as follows.
  The dance begins at 6 p.m. and continues until midnight.
  Monday, Nov. 6, 11:30 a.m. to 2 p.m.  AND Tuesday, Nov. 7, 2 to 5:30 p.m.

Titles

• Confine capitalization to formal titles before a person’s name. Lowercase in constructions that set titles off from a name by commas or when not used with the person’s name.
  Pope Francis
  Vice President of Enrollment Adelaide McGillicutty spoke at the dedication.
  The vice president of enrollment, Adelaide McGillicutty, spoke at the dedication.
  The professor called the class to order.
  EXCEPTION: University President: President Peter Kilpatrick; Peter Kilpatrick, President
  Avoid double titles
  Correct: Bishop David M. O’Connell, C.M., former University President
  Incorrect: Former University President Bishop David M. O’Connell, C.M.
• When a title is alone, there is no need to capitalize. Ex: The director hired a new employee for his team.

Titles: Italics and Quotation Marks (See also: Academic Titles)

• Italicize titles of books, journals, plays, operas, movies, TV shows, radio, newspapers, magazines, paintings, comic strips, and other freestanding works.
  Eureka was cancelled mid-season.
  Don Giovanni is a passionate indictment of selfishness.
  
  Use quotation marks (“The Raven”) for titles of articles, chapters, individual poems, photographs, speeches, lectures, and shorter works.
  Professor Johnson’s article, “Solar-Generated Electricity,” was published last year.
  
  Use upper and lower case (no quotation marks, not italics) for titles of courses.
  Freshmen are required to take History of American Civilization.
  
  Conference titles are upper and lower case; presentations are in quotes:
  Professor William Preston presented “How Rock-and-Roll Changed Poetry” at the 190th Annual MLA Conference on Rock Lyrics, Keats, and John Clare.

Titles, Religious 

• Spell out cardinal, bishop, sister, brother, father, and monsignor. Capitalize titles only when they appear before a name.
  Father Rafael takes Campus Ministry’s mission to heart.
  The cardinal spoke to first-year students in their philosophy class.
  
  The following titles can be abbreviated:
  Reverend; Rev. — Very Reverend; Very Rev.  — Most Reverend; Most Rev.
  
  
• No “the” appears before Reverend spelled out.
  Reverend Bob Smith addressed the congregation.
  Not The Reverend Bob Smith addressed the congregation.
  
  
• Do not use the formulation “Rev. Monsignor” or “Reverend Monsignor.”
  Monsignor Franklin devoted his last years to prayer. 
• Religious affiliations, when noted, precedes or follow the first reference of the name.
  Rev. Martin Likovich, S.J., dean of the School of Liturgy.
  Vincentian Father James Dooley will teach patristics this semester.

University Mall

Capitalize.